The recognition of rights to nature in general, to a part of it or to a particular species is, without a doubt, one of the environmental legal issues that has aroused the greatest discussion and curiosity in the international environmental legal community. Hence the need to analyze in detail the theoretical, dogmatic and legal arguments of those who are in favor of this recognition, and those of those who criticize said position, as well as to study the cases in which this type of rights is recognized, in order to to understand its scope, characteristics and foundation, and thus establish the opportunities and weaknesses of the proposals in order to build appropriate solutions to address the serious damage generated, and develop actions aimed at avoiding future effects.