While you won't see a massive difference on smaller Draugr (going from 8 to 6 hits isn't all that significant) enemies with larger health pools such as Travelers will become noticeably easier to kill with regular attacks and axe throws the more you invest into strength. I noticed that even on Valkyrie fights another 30 strength helped my damage go from 6 14 strength per health segment at 100 strength to 10 hits per bar at 130 strength. Going ever higher will definitely help your DPS on tougher enemies and makes it more likely something with a high damage multiplier like Executioner's Cleave can one-shot Draugr.