I have followed the steps from ArcGIS Notebook Server installation guide to install Docker Desktop for Windows as you mention. Also, I haven't checked the option to use Windows containers during the installation (left the Linux containers as default). However, the Docker stopped during the startup with the following info: "No activity on VM, aborting". Then I followed the process mentioned in my first comment, to install Docker EE instead of Docker Desktop and I am stucked with the CPUPeriod issue (my second comment). This is possible to workaround using the --cpus switch (instead of --cpu-period and quota) during the container creation, but as I see there is no way to tell ArcGIS Notebook Server to make this change.