Edit 24-01-2020 (14:27): I tried booting from my USB stick with Windows 7 with the ISO from above. I put the USB stick into 1 of the 2 extra USB ports.
I plugged my USB mouse into the other extra USB port and I plugged my PS2 keyboard into the card itself.
On the installation screen of Windows 7 I had control of both my mouse as my keyboard. And... booting from the USB2.0 ports from the card works to. This gives me hope for Windows XP.