In the Constrained REE supply case, manufacturers are assumed to gradually switch to non-magnet technologies and project developers adopting hybrid configurations with a gearbox and a smaller magnet. As a result, neodymium demand in the SDS is contained at around 8 000 tonnes in 2030 and 40% lower in 2040 compared to the base case. Demand for praseodymium and dysprosium are 15% and 32% lower respectively compared to the base case in 2040.